The lactulose breath test can be used to detect bacterial overgrowth. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth can cause symptoms such as bloating and abdominal pain. It occurs when there is an excessive number of bacteria in the small intestine. Diabetes can be a risk factor for bacterial overgrowth. The test takes about three hours. If the test is positive, then patients can be treated with antibiotics.
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Bacterial overgrowth can be treated with Ciprofloxacin and Metronidazole. Rifaximin is another treatment. After the treatment, patients can undergo another breath test to determine if the bacteria have been decreased. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/212861-treatment
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The glucose breath test is another diagnostic exam for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. It is rapidly absorbed by the intestine. Lactulose could travel all the way to the colon, leading to a false positive test. Research with nuclear imaging has been done to determine the exact time of lactulose reaching the colon.
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After treatment with antibiotics, patients can take probiotics to maintain good bacterial flora. Align probiotics contain Bifantis and is sometimes used for bloating. Consult your physician about treatment options. PMID: 18461293
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Symptoms of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth include abdominal distension, flatulence, bloating, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. The definitive diagnosis of SIBO involves the presence of 10^5 colony forming units per milliliter of coliform bacteria isolated from the proximal jejunum. This is difficult to sample with endoscopy so breath testing is an alternative method of diagnosis. Weight loss and nutritional deficiency are possible.
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